Discovering the World of Long-Haul Trucking: Requirements, Salaries, and More

Long-haul trucking is a vital pillar of the modern logistics industry. In 2024, the trucking sector in the United States is projected to generate revenue of $902.3 billion, according to the latest forecast from the American Trucking Associations (ATA). This profession offers both seasoned drivers and newcomers a chance to earn a good income while experiencing the adventure and freedom of the open road. This comprehensive guide will walk you through everything you need to know about long-haul trucking jobs, including salaries, requirements, challenges, benefits, and the top companies in the field.

Understanding long-haul trucking jobs

Long-haul trucking involves transporting goods over long distances, often crossing state lines or even national borders. Unlike local delivery jobs, which might have drivers stopping frequently throughout the day, long-distance trucking requires drivers to spend extended periods on the road, hauling freight across vast territories.In 2023, trucks moved 12.15 billion tons of freight in the United States, accounting for 72.5% of domestic freight tonnage (ATA, 2024 Annual Report). This staggering figure underscores the critical role that long-haul truckers play in the nation's economy.

Long-haul trucking salary

Salaries for long-haul truckers can vary widely based on experience, region, and the type of freight they carry. On average, long-haul truckers earn more than their counterparts in local delivery roles due to the longer hours and greater distances involved.

National average salary

According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), as of May 2023, the median annual wage for heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers was $52,340. However, the top 10% of earners in this field made more than $78,000 annually. Experience, specialized skills, and working for top-paying companies can significantly increase earning potential.

Owner operators

Drivers who own and operate their own trucks, known as owner-operators, have the potential to earn even higher incomes. The Owner-Operator Independent Drivers Association (OOIDA) reports that successful owner-operators can earn net incomes between $65,000 and $170,000 per year, depending on their business acumen and operational efficiency.

Requirements for becoming a long-haul trucker

Starting a career in long-haul trucking requires meeting several key criteria:

Commercial Driver's License (CDL): A valid CDL is mandatory. The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) reports that in 2023, there were approximately 3.7 million CDL holders in the U.S.
Age requirement: Most interstate trucking jobs require drivers to be at least 21 years old. However, the FMCSA's Safe Driver Apprenticeship Pilot Program now allows 18-20 year olds to operate commercial vehicles in interstate commerce under specific conditions.
Clean driving record: A history free of serious traffic violations is essential.
Physical fitness: Drivers must pass a Department of Transportation (DOT) physical exam every two years.
Training: Most companies require completion of a professional truck driving course, which typically takes 3-6 weeks.

Challenges of long-haul trucking

While rewarding, long-haul trucking comes with its share of challenges:

Time away from family: Drivers often spend weeks on the road. The American Transportation Research Institute (ATRI) reports that the average over-the-road truck driver spends about 290 days per year away from home as of 2023.
Health concerns: A study published in the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine in 2022 found that long-haul truck drivers have a 55% higher risk of obesity compared to the general U.S. adult working population.
Safety: In 2022, the FMCSA reported 4,622 fatal crashes involving large trucks, highlighting the importance of safety in this profession.

Benefits of long-haul trucking

Despite the challenges, long-haul trucking offers numerous benefits:

Job security: The ATA projects a shortage of 175,000 drivers by 2032, indicating strong job prospects.
Independence: Many drivers appreciate the autonomy and freedom of the open road.
Travel opportunities: Long-haul trucking allows drivers to see different parts of the country.
Career advancement: Experienced drivers can move into management, training, or specialized hauling roles.

Top long-haul trucking companies

When evaluating potential employers, consider factors such as:

Pay and benefits: Companies like Walmart and Sysco are known for offering competitive salaries and comprehensive benefits packages. Walmart, for instance, offers starting salaries of up to $110,000 per year for experienced drivers.
Equipment quality: Firms like UPS Freight and FedEx Freight invest heavily in modern, well-maintained fleets. UPS, for example, has been testing electric and autonomous trucks to improve efficiency and reduce environmental impact.
Work-life balance: Some companies, like Roehl Transport, offer flexible home time options. Roehl's "Get Home More" fleets guarantee drivers home time every week.
Training programs: Schneider National and Prime Inc. are renowned for their excellent training programs for new drivers. Prime Inc. offers a unique "Success Leasing" program that helps drivers become owner-operators.

Interesting anecdotes

In 2013, a long-haul trucker named Ivan Vasovic became a hero when he rescued another truck driver from a fiery crash on I-10 in California. His bravery earned him the Goodyear Highway Hero Award, showcasing the potential for extraordinary moments in this profession.
In 2021, April Coolidge, a former real estate agent turned truck driver, was named "Driver of the Year" by Walmart. At 56 years old when she started her trucking career, Coolidge proves that it's never too late to pursue a new path in life.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, long-haul truckers were hailed as essential workers, keeping supply chains moving during critical times. Many truckers reported feeling a renewed sense of purpose and appreciation for their work during this period.